Glossary

Predictive Processing

Predictive processing is the theory that the brain constantly generates predictions about sensory input and updates them using incoming information.

Overview

According to predictive processing, perception is not just a reaction to the world. Instead, the brain actively predicts what it expects to perceive and then corrects those predictions when the sensory data differs. This framework has become influential in neuroscience, cognitive science, and theories of perception. It is often used to explain perception, error correction, hallucination, and uncertainty.

Key Insight

The brain may function less like a passive receiver and more like a prediction engine.

Scientific Status

Predictive processing is a major contemporary framework in cognitive science and neuroscience, though its exact scope and interpretation are debated.

How Researchers Study It

Researchers study it through computational modelling, sensory prediction tasks, neuroimaging, perception experiments, and Bayesian cognitive models.

Quick Facts

Field
neuroscience, cognitive science
Related Concepts
perception, Bayesian reasoning, signal detection theory
Typical Context
uncertainty, sensory processing, expectation

Related Terms

FAQ

  • Does predictive processing explain hallucinations?

    Some researchers think hallucinations may involve strong predictions overriding sensory input.

  • Is predictive processing widely accepted?

    It is highly influential, though researchers disagree about how far it explains cognition and consciousness.